How clonal are bacteria over time?

Title: How Clonal Are Bacteria over Time?

How are postural strategies modified along the time?

Postural control is critical for effective performance of all goal-directed activities. For maintenance of postural equilibrium against gravity and environmental disturbances, central nervous system produces centrally organized patterns of muscle activity based on initial conditions, perturbation characteristics, learning and intention. These organized strategies are called "postural strategies...

How are postural strategies modified along the time?

Postural control is critical for effective performance of all goal-directed activities. For maintenance of postural equilibrium against gravity and environmental disturbances, central nervous system produces centrally organized patterns of muscle activity based on initial conditions, perturbation characteristics, learning and intention. These organized strategies are called "postural strategies...

How clonal are bacteria ? ( recombination / linkage disequilibriumn / population structure / genetic transformation / parasite

Data from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis of bacterial populations were analyzed using a statistical test designed to detect associations between genes at different loci. Some species (e.g., SalmoneUa) were found to be clonal at all levels of analysis. At the other extreme, Neisseria gonorrhoeae is panmictic, with random association between loci. Two intermediate types of population structure...

How clonal are Neisseria species? The epidemic clonality model revisited.

The three species Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrheae, and Neisseria lactamica are often regarded as highly recombining bacteria. N. meningitidis has been considered a paradigmatic case of the "semiclonal model" or of "epidemic clonality," demonstrating occasional bouts of clonal propagation in an otherwise recombining species. In this model, occasional clonality generates linkage dise...